西藏盐井盐泉地下热卤水水化学特征分析

地下水化学成分受地质、水文地质、岩性等因素的控制，水化学特征研究对水资源的利用、管理及保护具有重要的指导作用。西藏自治区芒康县盐井乡境内，沿澜沧江近岸边长约1．5km范围内出露有50余处矿化度较高、水温为中高温、无色、味咸的天然盐泉。这种地下热卤水的分布特征、水化学特征和化学组分的形成，受地质构造、地下水径流通道、径流速度等条件的影响，因此通过对其水样水化学特征的研究，进一步阐明盐泉形成的基本规律。     

2006年就业市场环境分析

2005年就业市场的运行特点 2005年三季度完成全年就业和再就业工作目标任务的90%和78% 2005年1月至9月,全国实现新增城镇就业人员810万人,达到全年目标任务（900万）的90%,下岗失业人员再就业390万人,达到全年目标任务（500万人）的78%（数据来源于劳动保障部2005年三季度新闻发布材料）.其中,帮助“4050”人员再就业88万人,达到全年目标任务（100万人）的88%.三季度末,全国共有城镇登记失业人员835万人,城镇登记失业率4.2%,与上年底持平.     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯在不同品种菜心-土壤系统的累积

在邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)污染的水稻土中盆栽不同品种菜心,采用GC/MS研究了菜心-土壤系统中DBP的分布特征.结果表明,不同品种菜心茎叶和根系对DBP的吸收累积存在明显差异;不同品种菜心茎叶中DBP含量与其叶面积大小之间存在一定的正相关关系.不同品种菜心-土壤系统中DBP的分布特征明显不同,新选45天油菜心表现为茎叶和根系中DBP含量较低,盆栽后土壤中DBP含量也较低;特青60天菜心和新选油青四九菜心表现为茎叶和根系中DBP含量较低,但盆栽后土壤中DBP含量较高;油青60天菜心表现为茎叶和根系中DBP含量较高,盆栽后土壤中DBP含量也较高.     

Analysis of the influence of passenger vehicles front-end design on pedestrian lower extremity injuries by means of the LLMS model

Objective: This work aims at investigating the influence of some front-end design parameters of a passenger vehicle on the behavior and damage occurring in the human lower limbs when impacted in an accident.

Methods: The analysis is carried out by means of finite element analysis using a generic car model for the vehicle and the lower limbs model for safety (LLMS) for the purpose of pedestrian safety. Considering the pedestrian standardized impact procedure (as in the 2003/12/EC Directive), a parametric analysis, through a design of experiments plan, was performed. Various material properties, bumper thickness, position of the higher and lower bumper beams, and position of pedestrian, were made variable in order to identify how they influence the injury occurrence. The injury prediction was evaluated from the knee lateral flexion, ligament elongation, and state of stress in the bone structure.

Results: The results highlighted that the offset between the higher and lower bumper beams is the most influential parameter affecting the knee ligament response. The influence is smaller or absent considering the other responses and the other considered parameters. The stiffness characteristics of the bumper are, instead, more notable on the tibia. Even if an optimal value of the variables could not be identified trends were detected, with the potential of indicating strategies for improvement.

Conclusions: The behavior of a vehicle front end in the impact against a pedestrian can be improved optimizing its design. The work indicates potential strategies for improvement. In this work, each parameter was changed independently one at a time; in future works, the interaction between the design parameters could be also investigated. Moreover, a similar parametric analysis can be carried out using a standard mechanical legform model in order to understand potential diversities or correlations between standard tools and human models.     

CNTs-CeO_2/H_2O_2复合光催化氧化体系降解水中酸性橙Ⅱ

运用"化学沉淀法",将Ce O2负载到碳纳米管(CNTs)上制备复合光催化剂,采用"单因素实验法"优化了制备条件。运用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对复合光催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,负载到CNTs上的Ce O2为多晶面心立方结构,尺寸大小在6~10 nm之间,其在CNTs上分散效果好,负载均匀且负载率高。在溶液p H为5,CNTs-Ce O2用量为0.50g/L并光照2 h后,酸性橙Ⅱ的光脱色率和TOC去除率分别达到64.71%和44.25%;加入0.02 mmol/L H2O2后,CNTsCe O2/H2O2复合体系对酸性橙Ⅱ的光脱色率和TOC去除率分别提高至91.35%和82.40%。这预示着CNTs-Ce O2/H2O2复合光催化氧化体系在对水中偶氮染料的光催化处理方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

环境监理在龙岗气田的实践与探索

文章简要介绍了龙岗气田试采工程特点、环境保护要求及过程管理的难度,以及开展环境监理工作的必要性和重要性。重点总结了龙岗气田工程环境监理工作开展过程中,在前期准备、人员组织、资源配置、目标实现、现场实施、成果体现等方面所做的探索与实践,对今后大型油气地面工程建设开展环境监理工作具有一定的借鉴意义和参考作用。     

The use of food waste-based diets and Napier grass to culture grass carp: growth performance and contaminants contained in cultured fish

The present study used commercial feeds, food waste feeds, Napier grass, and mixed feeds (food waste feed to Napier grass ratio, 1:10) to feed grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). The results indicated that grass carp fed with food waste feeds and mix feeds achieved growth performance (based on specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio) that was similar to commercial feeds (p?>?0.05). Concentrations of metalloid/metals in food waste feeds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Napier grass were relatively higher than other types of fish feeds (p?<?0.05). However, most of the metalloid/metals and PAH levels in fish fed with four types of fish feeds were not significantly different (p?>?0.05). These findings show that food waste feeds are suitable for using in the production of fish feed and Napier grass can be served as supplemental feeds for grass carp, and hence reducing the production cost.     

环境模型在风险评估中的应用

环境模型方法是化学品风险评估中经常使用的方法。环境模型可提供化学品的浓度、归趋和主要迁移转化途径等信息,目前已被广泛应用于各类环境系统中。本文对该方法使用的一般步骤进行介绍,并对我国的环境模型工作提出了几点建议。     

基于故障物理和数理统计相结合的可靠性加速试验方法

目的 研究通过加速试验在较短时间内对高可靠性、小子样电子产品的可靠性进行评估的方法.方法 分析可靠性加速试验方案的特点,梳理可靠性加速试验方案制定的基本流程,通过结合数理统计和故障物理技术,研究加速应力的确定方法和加速因子的计算模型,给出加速试验条件及试验时间的确定流程以及相应的试验结果评估方法,并进行案例应用.结果 该方法克服了常规可靠性加速试验方案设计中仅依靠经验并需要大样本量的缺点,科学有效地解决了高可靠性、小样本产品的可靠性加速试验方案设计问题,形成了电子设备基于故障物理和数理统计相结合的可靠性加速试验方案设计方法,经验证合理可行.结论 该试验方法能够满足当前可靠性要求高、进度紧、受试样品有限的武器装备研制的需求.